Research

Determinants of Behavior Change and Evaluation of Behavior Change Interventions 

Health care providers often find themselves in the position of trying to change human behavior and they know, from experience, that this is not an easy task.  Dr. Blalock's work in this area addresses a very basic research question: "Why do people often not practice those behaviors that are recommended to promote health and well-being?"  Most of her work has focused on behaviors recommended to reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis.  Her work reflects a gradual transition from research focused on behavioral recommendations targeted toward the general public to those involving medication-related issues in patient populations.  For example, a current study examines patient behavior within the context of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.  Glucocorticoids are a class of medications known to increase the risk of developing osteoporosis.  However, one finding from this study is that only about one-third of individuals taking glucocorticoids report having been counseled about osteoporosis prevention.  More work is needed to determine how best to improve patient counseling efforts.  Much of Dr. Blalock's current work focuses on how to enhance the patient counseling provided by community pharmacists

Measurement of Patient-Reported Outcomes

Measurement is a critical component of all scientific endeavors.  Unless something can be measured, it cannot be studied.  The development of valid and reliable measures is particularly important in the behavioral sciences because often the phenomena of interest cannot be directly observed.  Dr. Blalock's work in this area has included: evaluating the psychometric properties of instruments developed in the general public when used in patient populations, evaluating the sensitivity of functional status measures, developing abbreviated versions of existing instruments to increase their utility in clinical practice, and developing instruments to assess constructs of theoretical interest.  Most recently, Dr. Blalock and colleagues developed a measure designed to assess patient concerns regarding prescribed medication regimens.  This measure is intended to be used to assess outcomes associated with pharmaceutical care programs.  Current outcome measures used to assess such programs often lack the sensitivity to detect change.  It is hoped that this new measure will help to overcome this problem. 

Psychosocial Aspects of Chronic Illness and Disability 

The development of a chronic illness, particularly one associated with physical impairment, presents many adaptational difficulties.  Often, chronic illnesses are accompanied by psychological distress, as individuals experience difficulty doing activities that they once performed with ease.  However, past research has observed that there is only a modest association between objective level of physical impairment and psychological distress.  That is, individuals with the most functional impairment do not necessarily experience the most distress.  Much of Dr. Blalock's research has focused on the identification of factors that influence the development of psychological distress in response to chronic illness.  The goal of this work has been to better understand the variation in distress that may accompany chronic illness and, ultimately, develop interventions that prevent or ameliorate this distress.